Credit Suisse Group AG, a Swiss-headquartered financial institution founded in 1856, operates globally through its subsidiaries. It delivers an extensive array of financial services to a diverse clientele spanning Switzerland, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Americas, and Asia Pacific. As of December 31, 2021, the company maintained a network of 311 offices and branches. The firm's offerings include comprehensive wealth management solutions, providing clients with expert investment advice, discretionary asset management, and strategies for risk mitigation, such as managed investment products. It also assists with wealth and succession planning, alongside providing trust services. Credit Suisse extends various financing and lending options, encompassing consumer loans, real estate mortgages, and specialized real asset financing (like ship and aviation loans for ultra-high-net-worth individuals). It further offers standard and structured hedging, Lombard lending, and collateral trading services. In investment banking, the company facilitates capital raising, provides strategic advisory services, and handles global securities sales, trading, and execution. Its core banking solutions cover essential services such as payments, accounts, and debit and credit cards, often bundled into product packages. Additionally, Credit Suisse is active in asset management, providing a range of products. It also specializes in equity and debt underwriting, advisory services, and offers prime services along with trading in cash equities, equity derivatives, and convertibles. Its fixed income division deals in a broad spectrum of products, including credit, securitized assets, macro strategies, emerging markets, financing solutions, and structured credit. To support its operations, the company provides proprietary tools like HOLT, an analytical framework used to assess the performance of approximately 20,000 companies, alongside in-depth equity and fixed income research services. Credit Suisse serves a wide spectrum of clients, including private individuals, high-net-worth and ultra-high-net-worth individuals, affluent and retail clients, institutional investors, corporations (from small and medium-sized enterprises to large entities), external asset managers, financial institutions, commodity traders, pension funds, hedge funds, governments, foundations, endowments, entrepreneurs, financial sponsors, and sovereign clients.